In addition to organization of DNA in prokaryotes , in eukaryotes the DNA helix is highly organized into the well defined DNA-protein complex termed as nucleosomes. Among the proteins the most prominent are the histones. The histones are small and basic proteins rich in amino acids such as lysine and/or arginine. The histones play an important role in determining of eukaryotic chromosomes by determining the conformation known as chromatin. The nucleosomes are the repeating units of DNA organization which are often termed as beads. The DNA isolated from chromatin looks like string or beads. The 146 base pairs of DNA lie in the helical path and the histone-DNA assembly is known as the nucleosome core particle. The stretch of DNA between the nucleosome is known as ‘linker’ which varies in length from 14 to over 100 base pairs. The H1 is associated with the linker region and helps the folding of DNA into complex structure called chromatin fibers which visible as chromosomes during cell division.
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